Lihlahisoa tsa Nickel: Matla a Nchafatso ea Matla Lefapheng la Matla

Mehleng e hlalosoang ke tlhokahalo e potlakileng ea tharollo ea matla e tsitsitseng le e sebetsang, lihlahisoa tsa nickel li hlahile e le lisebelisoa tsa motheo tse nolofalletsang moloko o latelang oa theknoloji ea matla. Ho tloha ho ts'ehetso ea kholo e phatlohang ea likoloi tsa motlakase (EVs) ho ea ho nts'etsopele ea moruo oa hydrogen le ho ntlafatsa lits'ebetso tsa matla a ka nchafatsoang, ho feto-fetoha ha nickel, matla, le ts'epahalo li tsamaisa boqapi bo neng bo sa lebelloa lekaleng lohle la eneji.

Ho ea ka bahlahlobisisi ba indasteri, tlhoko ea nickel lits'ebetsong tse amanang le matla e lebelletsoe ho hola ka sekhahla sa selemo se fetang 8% lilemong tse leshome tse tlang, ho feta litšepe tse ling tse ngata. Ha lefatše le ntse le potlaka ho fihlela sepheo sa net-zero, lihlahisoa tsa nickel ha li nke karolo feela - li etella pele phetohong ea matla.

Ke hobane'ng ha Nickel?

Lintho tse ikhethang tsa Nickel li etsa hore e tšoanelehe ka ho khetheha bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa matla:

• Matla a phahameng a matla: Lits'ebetsong tsa betri, nickel e eketsa matla a matla, e lumellang ho boloka matla nako e telele le ho sebetsa hantle haholoanyane.

• Khahlano ea ho Corrosion: E bohlokoa bakeng sa tikoloho e thata ea ts'ebetso, haholo-holo moeeng o tsoang lebopong la leoatle, lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi le lisebelisoa tsa tlhahiso ea haedrojene.

• Matla a Mocheso o Phahameng: Li-alloys tsa nickel li boloka matla le botšepehi esita le maemong a mocheso a feteletseng, a bohlokoa bakeng sa li-turbine, li-reactor le lisele tsa mafura.

• Katleho ea Catalytic: Nickel e sebetsa e le mohloli o matla oa ts'ebetso ea lik'hemik'hale, ho kenyelletsa tlhahiso ea haedrojene le ho hloekisa oli.

Litšobotsi tsena li behile lihlahisoa tsa nickel bohareng ba litsamaiso tse ngata tsa bohlokoa tsa matla.

Nickel ka Battery Technologies: Ho Fueling The Motlakase Vehicle Boom

E 'ngoe ea mekhoa e fetolang ka ho fetisisa lekaleng la matla ke ho phahama ka potlako ha motsamao oa motlakase. Motheong oa mokhatlo ona ho na le libeteri tse tsoetseng pele tsa lithium-ion, moo nickel e bapalang karolo ea linaleli.

Lisebelisoa tsa High-Nickel Cathode

Libetri tsa morao-rao tsa EV, haholo-holo tse sebelisang lik'hemik'hale tsa Nickel-Cobalt-Manganese (NCM) le Nickel-Cobalt-Aluminium (NCA), li itšetlehile haholo ka nickel ho matlafatsa matla le ts'ebetso. Lintho tse phahameng tsa nickel ka thepa ea cathode li nolofalletsa likoloi ho tsamaea hole ka tefiso e le 'ngoe ha li ntse li boloka botsitso le polokeho.

Mohlala, phetoho ea Tesla ho ea lik'hemik'hale tsa betri ea nickel e phahameng ke karolo ea leano la eona le pharalletseng la ho fokotsa ts'epo ea cobalt le litšenyehelo tse tlase tsa betri ha o ntse o fana ka li-EV tsa nako e telele. Baetsi ba likoloi tse ling tse kholo, ho kenyeletsoa Ford, Volkswagen, le GM, le bona ba amohetse meralo e ruileng ea nickel ho fihlela tlhoko ea bareki ea likoloi tse sebetsang hantle le tse theko e tlase haholo tsa motlakase.

Pokello ea Matla a Emeng

Ka ntle ho li-EVs, libeteri tse nang le nickel li bohlokoa haholo lits'ebetsong tsa polokelo ea matla (ESS) tse tsitsisa marang-rang a matla a ka nchafatsoang. Litsamaiso tsena li boloka matla a mangata a letsatsi le a moea hore a sebelisoe nakong ea tlhokahalo e phahameng, e leng se tlatsetsang haholo ho tšepahala le ho tiea ha marang-rang a mehleng ea kajeno ea motlakase.

Nickel le Moruo oa Hydrogen

Ha linaha lefatšeng ka bophara li tsetela haholo ho mahlale a haedrojene ho felisa khabone ea lipalangoang, indasteri le ho fehla motlakase, lihlahisoa tsa nickel li bonahala e le tsa bohlokoa haholo.

Li-electrolyzers

Li-electrolyzer, tse arolang metsi hore e be haedrojene le oksijene li sebelisa motlakase, hangata li sebelisa li-electrode tse thehiloeng ho nickel le li-membrane, haholo-holo tsamaisong ea alkaline le proton exchange membrane (PEM). Ho hanyetsa ha nickel ho kutu le thepa ea eona e thusang ho etsa hore e be e loketseng lisebelisoa tsena tse sebetsang hantle haholo.

Ha tlhahiso ea haedrojene e tala e ntse e phahama - e tsamaisoa ke ho theoha ha litšenyehelo tsa matla a tsosolositsoeng le maano a ts'ehetso ea mmuso - tlhokahalo ea likarolo tse tšoarellang, tse sebetsang hantle tsa nickel li tla eketseha.

Meralo ea motheo ea polokelo le ea Lipalangoang

Ho boloka le ho tsamaisa haedrojene ho hlahisa liphephetso tse ikhethang ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea eona e ncha le tšekamelo ea ho baka ho putlama ha lintho. Li-alloys tsa nickel li fana ka matla a hlokahalang a mochine le ho hanyetsa haedrojene ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e sireletsehileng ea haedrojene ka likhatello tse phahameng le mocheso oa cryogenic.

Likopo li kenyelletsa:

• Litanka tsa polokelo tsa haedrojene tse nang le khatello e phahameng

• Lipeipi

• Likarolo tsa lisele tsa mafura bakeng sa likoloi le lits'ebetso tsa indasteri

Nickel ho Sistimi ea Matla a Tsosolositsoeng

Nickel e boetse e phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho atoloseng phihlello le ho ts'epahala ha mehloli ea matla e nchafalitsoeng joalo ka moea le letsatsi.

Mapolasi a Moea a Lebopo

Mehaho ea moea e tsoang ka ntle ho maoatle e pepesehetse tse ling tsa libaka tse senyang ka ho fetesisa Lefatšeng. Litšepe tse nang le nickel le li-alloys tse sebetsang hantle li sebelisoa haholo ho:

• Motheo oa turbine

• Litora le li-nacelles

• Lithapo le likhokahanyo tse ka tlas'a leoatle

Likarolo tsena li tlameha ho hanela ho bola ha metsi a leoatle, mokhathala le khatello ea maikutlo nakong ea bophelo ba lilemo tse 20-30, e leng se etsang hore nickel e be sesebelisoa sa bohlokoa ho netefatsa ts'ebetso ea moruo ea moea o tsoang lebopong.

Setsi sa Motlakase oa Matla a Letsatsi

Li-alloys tsa nickel li sebelisoa limela tsa concentrated solar power (CSP), moo li tlamehang ho mamella mocheso o phahameng le maro a senyang a fetisang mocheso. Lisebelisoa tsa mocheso, tsamaiso ea lipeipi, le litanka tsa polokelo litsing tsa CSP hangata li itšetlehile ka nickel ho boloka ts'ebetso e ntle le ho thibela ho senyeha ho theko e boima.

Matla a Nyutlelie: Tšireletseho le Tšireletseho ho Core

Ka lifemeng tsa matla a nyutlelie, botšepehi ba thepa le polokeho ke tsona tse ka sehloohong. Li-alloys tse thehiloeng ho nickel tse kang Inconel® le Hastelloy® li sebelisoa likarolong tse ngata tsa bohlokoa, ho akarelletsa:

• Lijana tsa khatello ea li-reactor

• Lijenereithara tsa mouoane

• Phapanyetsano ea mocheso

• Likarolo tsa molamu oa ho laola

Li-alloys tsena li fana ka khanyetso e ikhethang khahlanong le tšenyo e bakiloeng ke mahlaseli a kotsi, kutu ea mocheso o phahameng, le ho apara ha mechine, ho tšehetsa ts'ebetso e sireletsehileng, ea nako e telele ea lisebelisoa tsa nyutlelie.

Ha li-modular reactor tse nyane tsa moloko o mocha (SMRs) le meralo e tsoetseng pele ea nyutlelie li tla marang-rang, tlhoko ea thepa e thehiloeng ho nickel e lebelletsoe ho nyoloha le ho feta.

Oli le Khase: Ho nolofaletsa ho Hloekisa, Tlhahiso e Sebetsang haholoanyane

Ha lefatše le ntse le habile mehloling e hloekileng ea matla, oli le khase li tla lula e le karolo ea motsoako oa lefatše oa matla ka lilemo tse mashome. Nickel e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho etsa hore tlhahiso ea hydrocarbon e bolokehe, e sebetse hantle le e ikarabellang tikolohong.

Ho Hloekisa le Petrochemical Processing

Li-catalyst tsa nickel li sebelisoa haholo lits'ebetsong tsa ho hloekisoa joalo ka hydrocracking le hydrotreating, moo li thusang ho tlosa sebabole le litšila tse ling oli e tala. Sena se lebisa ho mafura a chesang a hloekileng le ho fokotsa tšusumetso ea tikoloho.

Tekolo ea metsi a tebileng le a thata a tikoloho

Li-platform tsa oli le khase tse lebopong la leoatle, li-alloys tse nang le nickel li bohlokoa bakeng sa ho aha:

• Lisebelisoa tsa subsea

• Litsela tse phallang le tse phahamang

• Mahlohonolo

Likarolo tsena li tlameha ho mamella likhatello tse feteletseng, mocheso le tikoloho e senyang, hangata ka lilemo tse mashome ntle le ho hloleha.

Mathata le Moshoelella: Bokamoso ba Nickel ho Matla

Leha e na le melemo e mengata, tlhoko e ntseng e hola ea nickel e hlahisa liphephetso tse 'maloa:

• Litšitiso tsa Phepelo: Nickel ea boleng bo holimo e loketseng libeteri (Nickel ea Sehlopha sa 1) e lekanyelitsoe, e leng se susumetsang matsete a bohlokoa mererong e mecha ea merafo le ho sebetsa.

• Matšoenyeho a Tikoloho: Ho rafa le ho hloekisoa ha nickel ho ka ba le liphello tse kholo tsa tikoloho haeba ho sa laoloe ka boikarabelo. Mekhoa ea moshoelella, ea ho recycle, le thekenoloji ea ho hula tala e fetoha lintho tse tlang pele indastering.

• Theko ea Boits'oaro: Litheko tsa Nickel li ka fetoha haholo, tsa ama moruo oa morero bakeng sa baetsi ba betri le bahlahisi ba lisebelisoa tsa motheo.

Ho rarolla mathata ana, lik'hamphani tse etellang pele li tsetela ho:

• Mekhoa e tsitsitseng ea merafo

• Phetolelo e ntlafalitsoeng ea nickel ho tsoa libetering tse sebelisitsoeng le likaroloana

• Lipatlisiso ka lik'hemik'hale tse ling tsa betri tse ntlafatsang tšebeliso ea nickel

Qetello: Karolo ea Bohlokoa ea Nickel ho Bokamoso ba Matla a Tala

Ha lefats'e le tobane le litlhokahalo tse peli tsa phetoho ea matla le ts'ebetso ea boemo ba leholimo, lihlahisoa tsa nickel li ikemiselitse ho bapala karolo ea bohlokoa le ho feta. Ho tloha ho likoloi tsa motlakase le lisebelisoa tsa matla a tsosolositsoeng ho ea ho tlhahiso ea haedrojene le polokeho ea nyutlelie, ho feto-fetoha ha nickel, matla, le botsitso ha li bapisoe.

Bokamoso ba matla bo tla hloeka, bo be bohlale, bo be bo tsitsitseng - 'me nickel e tla be e le motheong oa eona.